Describe the ecosystem that is present at the Okefenokee swamp.
The Okefenokee Swamp is a Fresh Water ecosystem, which is called a wetland. It has Cypress swamps, winding waterways, and floating peat mats as a major part of the Okefenokee's habitat mosaic. This means that there are a number of different of small ecosystems within it, wet and dry prairies, swamps dominated by shrubs, and forests of black gum and bay trees. The collective biodiversity in the swamp and its surrounding areas have adaptations that permit the existence of high biodiversity living under the singular environmental conditions of the Okefenokee Swamp.
Identify 3 different examples of flora and fauna that can be found at the swamp.
The most interesting thing about the swamp to me was the carnivorous plants that live in the swamp. The fact that there are few flesh-eating plants make very interesting to me.
Pitcher Plant or Fly Catcher (Saracenia flava) The inner part are covered with stiff hairs and are half-filled with a liquid. The insects are attracted by the beautiful flower and the sweet fluid. The hairs on the inner surface of the pitcher allow the insect to travel down but they prevent its traveling upward and out. Therefore it continues downward into the fluid where it drowns. The plant absorbs the soft parts of the body and the skeleton remains in the bottom of the pitcher. Pitcher plants are often found with many skeletons hidden inside.
Bladderwort (Utricularia inflata) These plants live in the water of the swamp, and are small. The leaves have small air sacs or bladders in which minute water creatures such as larvae, nematodes, water fleas, protozoa, and small worms are trapped. Each bladder has a small opening through which the tiny animal can enter but cannot escape. Eventually the trapped organisms die and their bodies decompose forming the nitrogenous food for the bladderwort.
Sun Dew (Drosera intermedia) Small insects, such as gnats are attracted by a dew-like substance on the spikes on the leaves of this plant. Once they have come in contact with this sticky substance, they are trapped. After a short time the leaf slowly folds, completely encloses the insect and digests its body.
There are very cool videos on YouTube showing how these plants trap and digest the insects.
What is the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge? Why?
A National Wildlife Refuge System is a designation for a protected area of the United States and is managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife and plants, started by President Theodore Roosevelt. The Okefenokee Swamp is part of this refuge system.
Wikipedia says:
The mission of the Refuge System is " To administer a national network of lands and waters for the conservation, management, and where appropriate restoration of fish, wildlife,and plant resources and their habitats within the United States for the benefit of the present and future generations of Americans" (National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997). The Refuge System maintains the biological integrity, diversity and environmental health of these natural resources and enables for associated public enjoyment of these areas where compatible with conservation efforts.
National Wildlife Refuges manage a full range of habitat types, including wetlands; prairies; coastal and marine areas; and temperate, tundra and boreal forests. The management of each habitat is a complex web of controlling or eradicating invasive species, using fire in a prescribed manner, assuring adequate water resources, and assessing external threats like development or contamination.
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